马尔加什
1) 马来语
马拉雅拉姆语马耳他语毛利人
马拉地语
| Item | ITM | 尼泊尔语 | 挪威 | 普什图语 | SEM | 旁遮普语 |
| 塞尔维亚 | 塞索托语 | 僧伽罗语 | 斯洛伐克 | 斯洛文尼亚语 | 索马里 | 萨摩亚人 |
| 苏格兰盖尔语 | 绍纳语 | 信德语 | 巽他族 | 斯瓦希里语 | 塔吉克 | 泰米尔语 |
| 泰卢固语 | 泰国 | 乌克兰 | 乌尔都语 | 乌兹别克斯坦 | 越南语 | 威尔士语 |
| 科萨语 | 意第绪语 | 约鲁巴 | 祖鲁语 | 卢旺达语 | 鞑靼 | 奥里亚语 |
| 土库曼 | 维吾尔族 | 33.1 | 33.4 | 35.5 | 1.59 | 0.546 |
| Liver | 68.0 | 67.4 | 66.0 | 71.1 | 2.41 | 0.528 |
| Heart | 18.8 | 18.6 | 19.2 | 19.2 | 0.68 | 0.898 |
| Kidney | 9.49 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 0.51 | 0.413 |
Note: ITM: Inorganic trace mineral 110 ppm Zn as ZnSO4 16 ppm Cu as CuSO4 and120 ppm Mn as MnO per Ross 308 nutritional recommendations;
M10: Amounts of 40 ppm Zn 10 ppm Cu and 40 ppm Mn as chelate ;
T125: Inorganic trace mineral 110 ppm Zn as ZnSO4 and 120 ppm Mn as MnO per Ross 308 guidelines with 125 ppm Cu as tribasic copper chloride (TBCC);
M30 = 40 ppm Zn, 30 ppm Cu, and 40 ppm Mn as chelate. Values in the same row with different superscripts differ significantly (P < 0.05).
2) Swines
A study investigated the effects of partially replacing inorganic trace minerals with mineral methionine hydroxy analogue chelates (MMHAC) in sow diets on both sows and their piglets. Results showed that MMHAC supplementation reduced body weight loss in lactating sows, promoted piglet body weight gain at day 18, significantly enhanced skeletal muscle histone acetylation levels at birth, and downregulated the expression of multiple inflammation- and muscle development–related genes. Overall, MMHAC improved intestinal health and muscle development in piglets through epigenetic and developmental regulation, enhancing their growth potential.
Table 2 Supplemental effects of mineral methionine hydroxy analogue chelate in sow diets on expression of key mRNA related to jejunal inflammation in suckling piglet
| Item
| ITM | CTM | SEM | P- value |
| d 1 of lactation x 10-5 | ||||
| IL-8 | 1344 | 1018 | 178 | 0.193 |
| MUC2 | 5380 | 5511 | 984 | 0.925 |
| NF-κB (p50) | 701 | 693 | 93 | 0.944 |
| NF-κB (p105) | 1991 | 1646 | 211 | 0.274 |
| TGF-b1 | From 1991 | 1600 | 370 | 0.500 |
| TNF-α | 11 | 7 | 2 | 0.174 |
| d 18 of lactation x 10-5 | ||||
| IL-8 | 1134 | 787 | 220 | 0.262 |
| MUC2 | 5773 | 3871 | 722 | 0.077 |
Note:Interleukin-8 (IL-8), mucin-2 (MUC2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-1), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)
ITM = conventional inorganic sources of trace minerals (0.2% inclusion level in the diets)
CTM = 50:50 mineral methionine hydroxy analogue chelate and inorganic minerals (0.2% inclusion level in the diets)
3) Ruminants
In lactating dairy cows, replacing half of copper sulfate with hydroxy methionine copper significantly increased plasma copper concentration, improved the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), and enhanced both milk yield and 4% fat-corrected milk production. These findings indicate that partially replacing copper sulfate with (HMTBA)₂-Cu in dairy cow diets is a more efficient nutritional strategy.
Table 3 Effects of methionine hydroxy Cu [(HMTBA)2-Cu] on the milk composition of cows
| Item | S | SM | M | SEM | P-value |
| DMI, kg/d | 19.2 | 20.3 | 19.8 | 0.35 | 0.23 |
| Milk yield, kg/d | 28.8 | 33.8 | 31.3 | 1.06 | 0.08 |
| Fat, % | 3.81 | 3.74 | 3.75 | 0.06 | 0.81 |
| Protein, % | 3.34 | 3.28 | 3.28 | 0.04 | 0.19 |
| Lactose, % | 4.48 | 4.35 | 4.43 | 0.05 | 0.08 |
| SNF, % | 8.63 | 8.84 | 8.63 | 0.05 | 0.33 |
| Fat yield, kg/d | 1.04 | 1.22 | 1.10 | 0.04 | 0.09 |
| Protein yield, kg/d | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.03 | 0.72 |
| Lactose yield, kg/d | 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.21 | 0.04 | 0.45 |
| Urea N, mg/dL | 18.39 | 17.70 | 18.83 | 0.45 | 0.19 |
| 4% FCM, kg/d | 26.1 | 30.1 | 27.5 | 0.91 | 0.06 |
Treatments: S = Cu sulfate only: 12 mg of Cu provided by CuSO4 per kilogram of concentrate; SM = Cu sulfate and (HMTBA)2-Cu: 6 mg of Cu provided by CuSO4, and another 6 mg of Cu provided by (HMTBA)2-Cu per kilogram of concentrate; M = (HMTBA)2-Cu only: 12 mg of Cu provided by (HMTBA)2-Cu per kilogram of concentrate.
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Post time: Mar-31-2026
